Yep. Laura is right. We actually use all sort of different microbes in cheese production. Lactobacilli and streptococci convert the milk sugar (lactose) to lactic acid and make the cheese acidic which makes it inhospitable to other microbes that might spoil it. Most of these bugs die off in the cheese-making process but some are used to flavour cheeses like emmental, gruyere and pecorino.
The mould that you see in blue cheese like (stilton, roquefort and gorgonzola) belongs to the penicillin family.
There is even a Sardinian cheese called case marzu that contains live maggots. Eek!
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